Microplastics in Shampoo & Conditioner: 87% Contain Polymers
Last reviewed: by the MicroPlastics Research Desk. Submit a correction or see our editorial standards.
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Key Takeaways
- ~87% of personal-care products contain plastic polymers per Beat the Microbead audits.
- Common polymers in shampoo: dimethicone, dimethiconol, polyquaternium, acrylates copolymer, carbomer, PEG-(any number).
- Most polymers rinse into wastewater, they are major contributors to municipal microplastic pollution.
- Hair conditioning silicones (dimethicone) coat hair and skin during use; small absorption occurs through scalp.
- Safer alternatives: shampoo bars (Ethique, HiBAR, Lush), polymer-free liquid (Acure, Dr. Bronner's, John Masters), silicone-free conditioners.
Why shampoo matters
You wash your hair 2-7 times a week, every week, for life. Each wash deposits and rinses synthetic polymers in and through your scalp's pores, then sends most of the polymer down the drain into waterways. Two distinct concerns:
- Personal exposure. Scalp skin absorbs small amounts of polymer chemistry during use; hair retains silicones between washes.
- Environmental pollution. Rinsed polymers reach wastewater treatment plants, which weren't designed to remove dissolved polymer chemistry. Most pass through to rivers.
The plastic ingredients to scan for
| Ingredient name | Function | Common in |
|---|---|---|
| Dimethicone / Dimethiconol | Silicone hair coating; “slip” | Most conditioners; smoothing shampoos |
| Cyclomethicone / Cyclopentasiloxane | Volatile silicone; light feel | Leave-in conditioners, anti-frizz |
| Polyquaternium-(any number) | Conditioning, anti-static | Most major-brand shampoos |
| Acrylates copolymer / crosspolymer | Hold, film-former | Volumising and styling shampoos |
| Carbomer | Thickener | Gel shampoos and clear conditioners |
| PEG-(any number) | Surfactant, emulsifier | Most shampoos |
| Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) | Film former, hold | Styling-friendly products |
| Polysorbate-20, -80 | Emulsifier | Many products |
The silicone debate
Dimethicone is the dominant hair-conditioning silicone. It coats hair strands for a smooth, slippery feel and reduces breakage. It's not technically a microplastic (it's a polymerised silicone) but it's a synthetic polymer that doesn't biodegrade in wastewater systems and accumulates in sediment and waterways. It also builds up on hair over time, requiring sulfate-based shampoos to remove (a cleansing cycle that strips natural oils).
Silicone-free conditioners use natural butters (shea, mango, cocoa) and oils (argan, jojoba, coconut, sunflower) for conditioning.
Recommended polymer-free brands
| Brand | Format | Cert / Notes | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ethique Shampoo Bars | Solid bar | B-Corp; plastic-free packaging; polymer-free | $16-20 (lasts 2-3 months) |
| HiBAR Shampoo & Conditioner Bars | Solid bars | Plastic-free packaging; polymer-free; sulfate-free | $15-18 |
| Lush Shampoo Bars | Solid bar | Wide variety; polymer-free | $13-15 |
| Acure Shampoo & Conditioner | Liquid in recyclable plastic | Polymer-free liquid; widely available | $10-13 |
| Dr. Bronner's Sugar Soap (multi-use) | Liquid | Multi-purpose; polymer-free; certified organic | $12-16 |
| John Masters Organics Shampoo | Liquid | Organic; polymer-free in most products | $25-32 |
| Plaine Products | Liquid in aluminium refillable bottle | Closed-loop refill; polymer-free | $28 initial; $24 refill |
| Conventional drugstore (Pantene, Herbal Essences, Garnier) | Liquid in plastic | Contains polymers, silicones, PEG | $5-8 |
| Salon brands (Olaplex, Redken, Pureology) | Liquid in plastic | Contains polymers and silicones for hair-conditioning effects | $20-45 |
Practical hair-routine changes
- Try a shampoo bar. Ethique, HiBAR, and Lush are widely available. One bar = 2-3 bottles of liquid shampoo with no plastic packaging.
- Use a wide-tooth wooden comb instead of plastic brushes (which shed microplastic fibres into hair).
- Wash less often. Daily washing strips natural oils and increases need for conditioning silicones. Most hair types benefit from 2-3 washes per week.
- Air-dry or low-heat dry. Reduces need for heat-protection sprays (often polymer-heavy).
- Skip leave-in styling products with polyquaternium, acrylates, or PVP, these polymers stay on hair until next wash.
- Conditioner in glass containers when available, or refill at zero-waste shops.
See related: microplastics in cosmetics, microplastics in toothpaste, and best polymer-free toothpaste.
What the MicroPlastics app checks
- Ingredient list parsed from the product label or barcode.
- Flagged ingredients, polyethylene, acrylates, carbomer, PEG, fragrance, parabens.
- Product category, leave-on vs rinse-off; risk weighted differently.
- Brand and product line, clean certifications (EWG VERIFIED, MADE SAFE).
- Cited research and regulatory references for each scan.
Use the App
Scan personal-care products before buying
The MicroPlastics app reads the ingredient list, flags microplastic polymers and additives, and points to cleaner alternatives in the same category.
Scan cosmetics in the appFrequently Asked Questions
Does shampoo contain microplastics?
Is silicone in conditioner bad?
Are shampoo bars better than liquid shampoo?
What is the safest shampoo brand for microplastics?
How can I tell if my shampoo has microplastics?
Do polymer-free shampoos work as well?
Sources
- Beat the Microbead / Plastic Soup Foundation (2024). Plastic in personal care products: database. Plastic Soup Foundation.
- European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) (2023). Restriction on intentionally added microplastics. ECHA.
- Lassen C, et al. (2015). Microplastics: Occurrence, effects and sources of releases to the environment in Denmark. Danish Environmental Protection Agency.
- Environmental Working Group (EWG) (2024). EWG's Skin Deep Cosmetics Database. EWG.
Build your personal cosmetics safe list
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